At a glance · for healthcare professionals Diclofenac sodium injection 75 mg/mL: action, dose and limits How it works: it blocks both COX-1 and COX-2, so less arachidonic acid is converted into the prostaglandins that drive pain, inflammation and fever.[1]…
Short answer A sanitizing solution is a disinfectant concentrate diluted to a fixed, validated in-use strength. A common error in published SOPs is writing the dilution as a volume of stock without stating the stock’s strength. Forty millilitres of hydrogen…
Regulatory guide · Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945 Written by Darshan Singh, M.Sc. (Organic Chemistry), 23+ years in pharmaceutical QA, QC and drug regulatory affairs · Published 15 February 2023 · Updated 4 October 2026 On this pageWhich routeWhat changedSample…
By Darshan Singh, QA/QC and regulatory practitioner (23+ years). Rebuilt 3 October 2026 against the notified Revised Schedule M text. Short answer Pest control in a pharmaceutical plant is a written GMP obligation. Revised Schedule M requires premises that keep…
Packaging machinery guide By Darshan Singh, 23+ years in pharma QA, QC and regulatory affairs Updated 2 Oct 2026 Short answer Alu Alu packing is a cold-form blister. A three-layer oPA/aluminium/PVC laminate is pressed cold into pockets, the tablets drop…
Working principle in one paragraph A tablet compression machine (tablet press) makes a tablet by squeezing a measured volume of powder or granules between an upper and a lower punch inside a die. On a rotary press the turret carries…
Quality control in pharmaceutical industry · Revised Schedule M, Part I, section 19 Reviewed by Darshan Singh · first published 25 Feb 2023 · rebuilt and fact-checked 1 Oct 2026 Quality control in pharmaceutical industry: what QC does Quality control…
By Darshan Singh, 23 years in pharmaceutical QC, QA and regulatory affairs · Reviewed against the source texts on 29 September 2026 Short answer Validation is documented evidence that premises, utilities, equipment, processes, cleaning procedures, test methods and computerised systems…
By Darshan Singh, 23 years in pharmaceutical QC, QA and regulatory affairs. Clauses checked against the primary texts on 27 Sep 2026. Short answer Batch record review is the check, made for every batch before it is released, that the…
Short answer A conductivity meter is calibrated in two independent parts. First, the cell constant is established with a standard solution of known conductivity. Second, the meter electronics are checked against traceable precision resistors. For pharmacopoeial water testing, USP <645>…